Š
Šaqq
To split, tear apart, fall into disputes, oppose one another, fracture unity, or develop enmity. It can also refer to inner conflicts and the
splitting of
personality
Šarr
That
which causes harm, whether to oneself or others; the infliction of injury on
people’s well-being or potential; bad conduct, evil, sin, and the consequences
of demonic influences on human behavior.
Šarî3at
The
Dîn formulated as a system of divine orders, rulings, and commandments. It is a
comprehensive religious and legal framework that guides individuals towards
spiritual fulfillment and social welfare. The term also conveys the meaning of
"a flowing stream of pure water," signifying that while its core
principles remain unchanged, certain details and interpretations may evolve
over time. Some aspects of Šarî3at are left to personal discretion, while
others fall under the jurisdiction of Uli-l-Amr (those in authority).
Šhay’
An
entity, event, or occurrence—anything that comes into existence as a result of
divine will.
Šayṭân
Satan—a
rebellious Jinn granted respite until the appointed time. He is mankind’s
declared enemy and the originator of a system based on satanic attributes and
actions. These include disorder, Širk, disbelief, rejecting Qur’ânic guidance,
anarchy, injustice, corruption, straying egos, immoral desires, rebelliousness
against divine injunctions, deceit, arrogance, and efforts to distance humans
from their Rabb. In summary, Šayṭân
seeks to undermine the divine system ordained by Al-Raḥmân.
Širk
The
act of attributing divine attributes, names, qualities, actions, or authority
to anything other than God. It leads to a divided personality, as every aspect
of human nature is inherently aligned with divine servitude, while personal
inclinations may contradict this. Širk is not limited to idol worship but
extends to blind adherence to false values, ideologies, materialism, and power.
Forms
of Širk include:
- Associating others with God.
- Accepting human authority parallel to divine
revelation.
- Sectarianism.
- Worshiping idols, forces of nature, or human
figures.
- Following religious traditions blindly without
discernment.
- Accepting man-made laws as divine.
Mušrik
An
idolater or one who ascribes divinity to others besides God. This includes:
- Those who prefer human-made doctrines over divine
guidance.
- Blind followers of religious practices without
scrutiny.
- Those who treat scholars, saints, or leaders as
sources of absolute authority.
- Anyone who imposes laws claiming divine
legitimacy without Qur’ânic basis.
Ḥ
Ḥadîṯ
A
statement, discourse, or speech; one of the names of the Qur’ân.
Al-Ḥâqqat
The
Inevitable Reality, the Absolute Truth, the event that lays bare the essence of
all things. It is an incontestable occurrence beyond human perception,
anticipation, or imagination.
Ḥâfiẓ (plural: Ḥâfiẓîn)
A
protector, preserver, guardian, or keeper; one who maintains and safeguards
something, including knowledge, records, or individuals.
Ḥamd
A
comprehensive attribute encompassing all praiseworthy, influential, effective,
and beautiful qualities. It signifies all forms of gratitude, appreciation, and
recognition of excellence, as well as the source of all goodness.
Ḥarram
To
declare something sacred, forbidden, or inviolable.
Muḥarram
Sacred,
forbidden, inviolable.
Ḥuzn
Deep-seated
grief, sorrow, or regret; an intrinsic state of unhappiness or distress.
Ḥasanât
Good
deeds; actions that benefit others and align with divine commands, moral
excellence, and the system of Islamic ethics.
Righteous
deeds or virtuous acts that earn divine reward. The term encompasses acts of
worship, charity, justice, kindness, and every form of conduct that aligns with
divine law and moral excellence.
Ḥaraj
Guilt,
blame, burden, sin, constraint, difficulty, doubt, hardship, or a feeling of
tightness in the chest due to distress.
Ḥikmat
Wisdom,
sound judgment, governance, concise knowledge, and fundamental truths. It
refers to a compact form of knowledge that has the potential to be further
detailed or viewed from multiple perspectives. It also denotes fruitful
conduct, proper behavior, and effective decision-making.
Ḥukm
Judgment,
wisdom, ruling, sovereignty, legislation, authority, decision, and control.
Ḥukm
(in relation to a person)
The
ability to judge correctly, comprehend fundamental and universal principles,
issue fair verdicts, express knowledge concisely, and possess sharp
intellectual faculties.
Ḥizb
(plural: Aḥzâb)
A
group or party united by shared beliefs, ideals, or objectives. It refers to
people aligned for a common purpose, often in an organized or ideological
manner.
Ḥûr
Exquisite
beings of unparalleled beauty, beyond human perception in this worldly life.
Described as having strikingly beautiful eyes, they are envisioned as pure,
modest, and delightful companions.
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